Oral / Poster Presentation File
1-Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran -Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. - Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
3Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and sport sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
by aging.Aims: To systematically review the literature on the impact of exercise training on age-related complications and summarize the benefits of regular and planned exercise training mechanistically.Method:We identified 5342 article publications by systematic literature search in PubMed/Medline covering publications.39 original papers including human and animal studies were selected by title screening. Finally,24 relevant original articles including clinical and preclinical were included. Results:There is enough evidence showing that exercise training may reduce the risk of age-related diseases via skeletal muscle contraction-derived cargoes (e.g., myokines ).Emerging evidence points to beneficial effects of exercise training as a powerful and robust preventive approach against a number of aging-induced diseases. Muscle contraction mitigate; muscle insulin resistance via increased GLUT4 and decreased mitochondrial dysfunction; frailty and sarcopenia by upregulation of IGF-1,Irisin, follistatin, monocyte chemotactic protein-1,macrophage inhibitory protein (MIP)-1β,MyoD and IL-10 and downregulation of autophagy-inducing stress protein HMGB1,myogenin, myostatin,TNF-a,IL-8 and activin A-to-follistatin ratio;dementia via enhanced irisin, BDNF,Cathepsin B and declined homocysteine,glucose and tryptophan; cardiovascular disease via homocysteine downregulation and inflammatory pathways;cancer by boosting tumor immune surveillance and anti-inflammatory pathways;osteogenic differentiation by improving myomiRs (e.g., myomiR-133a,206,204a,etc) and osteomiRs axis.All these mechanisms result in improvement in physical/functional performance and frailty, enhancing brain function, lowering bone fragility, strengthening immune system.Conclusion: Any Regular and planned bodily movement (resistant and endurance training) produced by the contraction of skeletal muscle that increases the production and secretion of myocargoes (myokines and other peptides) may mitigate the age-related reduction in physical mobility, risk of mobility disability (in old population), sarcopenia, dementia, cancer and etc. We recommend researchers to prescribe a fun and comprehensive program for elderly people in the frameworks of move more and sit less to minimize the burden of age-induced physiological alterations.
